The UK government has taken steps to bolster safety and readiness against terrorism, particularly in sectors like water supply, through legislation, guidelines, and financial support aimed at enhancing private sector security. The Centre for Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI) has provided directives for design improvements tailored to shield Critical National Infrastructure (CNI) from Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) agents. Despite these recommendations, utility providers face ongoing challenges in upgrading and maintaining security provisions to safeguard their facilities effectively.
Given the remote and expansive nature of many utility sites, developing robust security systems presents a unique challenge. Achieving 100% protection from physical attacks is unrealistic; however, advancements in CCTV technology and software, particularly intelligent video analytics, have significantly bolstered security measures and mitigated risks.
Effective defense begins at the perimeter, where fortified fencing equipped with deterrents like barbed wire and electrification serves as an initial layer of protection. CCTV cameras play a crucial role by providing continuous monitoring, especially in vulnerable areas. When integrated with intelligent video analytics, these systems elevate security to a sophisticated level, capable of swiftly identifying and responding to potential threats.
Key technologies include Unusual Motion Detection (UMD), which scans video footage to identify abnormal activities, drastically reducing response times from hours to minutes. Appearance Search utilizes deep learning AI to locate specific persons or vehicles across extensive video archives, incorporating features like facial recognition for persistent tracking. Thermal imaging cameras enhance visibility in low-light conditions or obscured environments, complementing HD cameras for comprehensive surveillance.
License Plate Recognition (LPR) further enhances security by automatically identifying and tracking vehicles, facilitating efficient access control and investigation.
An integrated approach, combining access control systems with attendance tracking and movement monitoring, ensures comprehensive site security. This integration allows for selective access permissions, accommodating both regular employees and visitors while protecting sensitive areas.
Ultimately, securing utility sites demands a multifaceted strategy that integrates advanced technologies into a cohesive security framework. While challenges persist in navigating the array of available technologies, a comprehensive and integrated security solution remains essential for effectively safeguarding Critical National Infrastructure against evolving threats.